St. Andrews Cathedral, once the largest church in Scotland, was founded in 1158 and became the center of Catholic worship in the country. Though now in ruins, it remains a powerful symbol of Scotland’s religious and political history. The cathedral was the site of royal ceremonies and important ecclesiastical gatherings, playing a pivotal role until the Scottish Reformation in the 16th century. After a Protestant mob, inspired by John Knox’s fiery sermon, attacked the cathedral in 1559, it was abandoned and left to fall into ruin. Despite its current state, visitors can explore the remains of the west front, the east gable, and other surviving sections.
One of the key highlights of a visit is the climb up St. Rule’s Tower, which predates the cathedral and offers spectacular panoramic views of St. Andrews and the surrounding coastline. The Cathedral Museum on-site houses an impressive collection of medieval artifacts, including the St. Andrews Sarcophagus, a unique relic of Pictish art. Walking through the vast cathedral grounds, including the cemetery, offers a reflective experience on Scotland’s deep ecclesiastical roots.